How do the three basic geographic characteristics affect a nation?

The weather and formation in a country can affect economy, and agriculture. For example, if you'r country lacks water, you must import it, this custs money and as a nation, affects economy, etc. The same for fields, if you lack good soil you can't farm, and the weather determines what you can farm...all of this affects the income you'r country will have and the stile of living.